Claude Monet: Impression, Sunrise – 1872

Claude Monet: Impression, Sunrise - 1872

Paris, Musée Marmottan Monet ‘Wallpaper in its original state is more perfect than this seascape.’ This was how this painting, Impression: Soliel Levant, was described in a scathing review mockingly entitled, ‘The Exhibition of the Impressionists’, published in the satirical journal Le Charivari on April 25, 1874. Luckily the painter, 32-year-old Claude Monet, was impervious … Read more

Parmigianino Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror, c. 1523-24

Parmigianino Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror, c. 1523-24

Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum In 1524, a 21-year-old painter nicknamed Parmigianino (in reference to his hometown, Parma) came to Rome hoping to win the favour and patronage of the art-loving Medici pope, Clement VII. To this end, he presented the Pope with this ingenious self-portrait, which would become one of the most famous and unusual paintings … Read more

Mary Cassatt: Lady at the Tea Table – 1883–5

Mary Cassatt: Lady at the Tea Table - 1883–5

New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art Mary Cassatt was exceptional in many ways; one of the few successful female artists of the era she was also the only American member of the French Impressionists. From a wealthy Pennsylvania family, Cassatt first came to Paris in 1865 to study painting and ended up making Paris her … Read more

Edgar Degas: The Bellelli Family – 1858–60

Edgar Degas: The Bellelli Family – 1858–60

Paris Musée d’Orsay This somewhat disquietingly dysfunctional family portrait was made by a young Degas and depicts members of his own extended Italian family. Degas had been born in Paris but his father, Auguste de Gas, was a wealthy Neapolitan banker who headed up the family bank’s Paris branch. In his early 20s Degas left … Read more

Jean-François Millet: The Gleaners – 1857

Jean-François Millet: The Gleaners – 1857

Paris, Musée d’Orsay Born into a well-off family of farmer’s in Normandy, Millet grew up following the timeless cycle of rural life, which would become the major theme of his career as an artist. ‘To tell the truth’, Millet wrote, ‘the peasant subjects suit my temperament best; for I must confess, even if you think … Read more

Enguerrand Quarton: Pietà of Villeneuve-les-Avignon – c1455

Enguerrand Quarton: Pietà of Villeneuve-les-Avignon - c1455

Paris, Musée du Louvre Little is known about the creator of this extraordinary painting that originally hung in the Collegiate Church of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon in Provence, once the stronghold of Avignon’s cardinals. Enguerrand Quarton is thought to have been born and trained around Laon in northern France and he may have travelled to, or worked in, … Read more

Franz Marc: Yellow Cow 1911

Franz Marc: Yellow Cow 1911

New York, Guggenheim Museum Late in 1915 the German Chief of the General Staff, General Erich von Falkenhayn, made the decision to attack French forces at Verdun. On February 21st 1916 the attack was launched and the ensuing battle, which lasted most of that year is considered to be one of the most terrible in … Read more

Paolo Veronese: The Choice Between Virtue and Vice – c.1580

Paolo Veronese: The Choice Between Virtue and Vice - c.1580

New York, Frick Collection Veronese, a painter famed for his color, illusionism and pageantry, can exert a surprisingly profound influence. Art critic John Ruskin (1819–1900) wrote of a Sunday in 1858 when his ‘evangelical beliefs were put away’ after seeing a particularly luscious Veronese in Turin; from that moment he realized that ‘to be a … Read more

Edgar Degas: Dance Class – 1874

Edgar Degas: Dance Class - 1874

New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art Though he was one of the group’s founders and core members, Degas never liked to be called an ‘Impressionist.’ He preferred ‘Realist’ or ‘Independent,’ a distinction that reflected his background and artistic vision. From a wealthy Parisian family, his father recognised his talent early and gave his son encouragement … Read more